Short answer: common denial grounds are insufficient residence/presence, criminal/character issues, misrepresentation, and failed language/civics tests. The denial letter states reasons — assess reopen, appeal or later refiling.
FAQ
One traffic ticket?
Usually not; patterns or serious crimes matter.
Refile?
Often yes after fixing the grounds.
Denial end PR?
Naturalisation denial does not auto-cancel PR; character issues may be separate.