Short answer: Japanese permanent residents need a re-entry permit to keep their status when leaving Japan. Returning within a year, you can use the special re-entry permit at departure; leaving for longer, apply for a regular re-entry permit before you go, valid for up to five years.
The two permits compared
| Special re-entry permit | Regular re-entry permit | |
|---|---|---|
| How | Tick the box on the departure card; no prior application | Apply to the Immigration Services Agency before leaving |
| Validity | Within one year of departure | Up to five years |
| Extension | Cannot be extended abroad | Depends on the case |
| If you overstay it | Permanent residence lapses | Lapses as well |
Common situations
- Short trips home or business travel: the special permit is usually enough.
- Long postings abroad or children studying overseas: get a regular permit before leaving.
- Documents: carry a valid passport and residence card when you leave.
Other points for keeping PR
- Very long absences, even with a valid permit, may raise questions about your base in Japan later.
- Keeping resident registration, tax and pension records helps show Japan is your home.
- Before PR, on the HSP or Business Manager visa, keep up the relevant activity.
Our advice
Before leaving Japan for more than a year, confirm your re-entry permit. As of October 2026; subject to the Immigration Services Agency’s latest rules.