Short answer: Spain generally requires ten years’ lawful residence; some Latin American and other nationalities have shorter terms. Language and constitutional/culture tests are common. Follow current law.
Spanish Citizenship After Residence
Written by Global Immigrate consultants · Reviewed by Oscar Yip, Founder & Managing Director
Summary
Usually ten years; shorter for some nationalities; language and civics tests common.
FAQ
Do golden-visa years count?
Lawful residence usually counts toward the total with other conditions.
Hard exams?
Preparation needed — pass rates vary.
Dual nationality?
Spain has special arrangements with some countries.